WEBVTT 00:01.331 --> 00:04.664 (digital chiming notes) 00:10.992 --> 00:13.992 (upbeat rock music) 00:33.014 --> 00:33.847 (audience applauding) 00:33.847 --> 00:34.680 Thank you very much. 00:36.180 --> 00:40.383 You know, innovation is so rare, 00:41.820 --> 00:44.670 and invisible disabilities, 00:44.670 --> 00:46.953 and what Wayne Connell is doing is, 00:48.360 --> 00:51.023 and what you're all doing is, these are the real deal. 00:51.990 --> 00:53.937 It's just a great privilege 00:53.937 --> 00:55.140 to be here at this inaugural symposium. 00:55.140 --> 00:55.973 So thank you. 00:57.060 --> 00:58.560 What I wanna share with you is 01:01.920 --> 01:06.210 a very surprising reality, 01:06.210 --> 01:08.560 and that is that for the first time in history, 01:09.540 --> 01:14.540 we are able to know and train 01:15.540 --> 01:18.393 the essence of how our brain works. 01:22.320 --> 01:25.050 And what I'm gonna share with you is our experience 01:25.050 --> 01:28.200 on a platform that we happen, that we created. 01:28.200 --> 01:29.790 We have no monopoly of wisdom on this. 01:29.790 --> 01:32.550 It's just happens to be the first time that 01:32.550 --> 01:34.500 a group has an international consortium, 01:34.500 --> 01:38.280 has established a not-for-profit scientific group 01:38.280 --> 01:41.130 of about 350 scientists from 28 countries 01:41.130 --> 01:43.650 who get access to this big database, big data. 01:43.650 --> 01:45.960 We collect everything about the brain 01:45.960 --> 01:48.960 that's possible to be collected, that we know about, 01:48.960 --> 01:52.260 and the body, excuse me, as well. 01:52.260 --> 01:55.230 And then from these deep insights, 01:55.230 --> 01:59.094 we have a for-profit way of producing products 01:59.094 --> 02:01.083 that people can online, 02:02.730 --> 02:07.730 know and train new brain habits and monitor them as well, 02:08.010 --> 02:09.090 see what works. 02:09.090 --> 02:12.300 The essence is what really works at a personal level. 02:12.300 --> 02:14.943 And so from an invisible disabilities point of view, 02:16.140 --> 02:18.900 my hope is that this platform, this kind of platform, 02:18.900 --> 02:20.223 ours or anybody else's, 02:21.895 --> 02:26.654 can empower the individual with the possibility 02:26.654 --> 02:31.080 of themselves becoming a critical part of the solution. 02:31.080 --> 02:33.060 There are so many times 02:33.060 --> 02:35.340 that I get contacted by people 02:35.340 --> 02:37.170 saying that because the problem 02:37.170 --> 02:39.273 does not fit into a neat box, 02:40.770 --> 02:42.220 they fall between the cracks. 02:43.950 --> 02:47.310 And I'm hopeful that now that the information is available 02:47.310 --> 02:50.400 through big data and big consortia, 02:50.400 --> 02:55.337 and thoughtful theory and training, 02:55.337 --> 02:59.103 and objectively looking at what works, that that can change. 03:01.740 --> 03:04.410 So that's the essence of why it may be impactful 03:04.410 --> 03:06.660 to know and train your brain. 03:06.660 --> 03:07.920 Just before I start, 03:07.920 --> 03:11.310 I do wanna acknowledge all the people around the world 03:11.310 --> 03:14.580 in the not-for-profit foundation, 03:14.580 --> 03:16.140 Scientific Foundation in California. 03:16.140 --> 03:20.520 It's BrainNet.net with over 400 publications, 03:20.520 --> 03:25.320 and MyBrainSolutions.com people around the world, 03:25.320 --> 03:27.600 but based in San Francisco in particular, 03:27.600 --> 03:32.600 who have, and their teams in Australia, in San Francisco, 03:32.670 --> 03:36.090 Avant and Squish in particular, who have helped develop 03:36.090 --> 03:37.953 many of the actual training tools. 03:40.290 --> 03:43.650 So why, how, what are the outcomes? 03:43.650 --> 03:46.020 Is it really feasible that with a brain 03:46.020 --> 03:50.938 with 85 billion highly interconnected neurons 03:50.938 --> 03:53.820 and a hundred chemicals sloshing around 03:53.820 --> 03:56.466 as each one of you're sitting here, 03:56.466 --> 04:00.370 that that level of complexity has an essence 04:01.317 --> 04:06.317 that allows us to actually rapidly online assess it, 04:07.560 --> 04:10.890 and then use simple tools to train new ways 04:10.890 --> 04:14.200 that you can change what you wanna be 04:15.270 --> 04:17.970 and then objectively monitor our successful you being. 04:17.970 --> 04:20.073 It's what works for you that matters. 04:22.110 --> 04:23.850 On the surface, it seems implausible 04:23.850 --> 04:26.580 because it just seems the complexity is like overwhelming. 04:26.580 --> 04:31.580 I mean, and for whatever reason, history, timing, 04:33.450 --> 04:36.090 the incredible work that's been done by tens of thousands 04:36.090 --> 04:38.640 of scientists over the last, particularly, 30 years 04:40.021 --> 04:42.270 has just brought a confluence of insights 04:42.270 --> 04:45.450 that have shown that this is now possible. 04:45.450 --> 04:47.460 You can know your brain. 04:47.460 --> 04:50.460 We've distilled it into a little theoretical model 04:50.460 --> 04:52.890 called 1-2-4, which I'll go through briefly 04:52.890 --> 04:57.153 and you can train your brain and monitor the outcomes. 04:58.170 --> 05:00.180 And I'd like to start off by just briefly 05:00.180 --> 05:04.148 in less than five minutes, empowering you 05:04.148 --> 05:08.190 with something that took us 20 years to do, 05:08.190 --> 05:10.740 stressful enough, which is to just distill 05:10.740 --> 05:13.650 about a thousand publications across discipline and scale. 05:13.650 --> 05:16.380 And there may be better models and hopefully there will be, 05:16.380 --> 05:19.884 and hopefully our scientists will help us iterate 05:19.884 --> 05:23.190 this model, but the essence of how the brain works 05:23.190 --> 05:24.153 is remarkable. 05:25.677 --> 05:29.433 And it starts off with something that we all know, 05:31.860 --> 05:35.160 but tend to underestimate. 05:35.160 --> 05:36.887 And I'll just quickly show you 05:36.887 --> 05:38.348 what the assessment looks like. 05:38.348 --> 05:39.781 I'll start with the end in mind 05:39.781 --> 05:40.950 and then take you through the pieces. 05:40.950 --> 05:45.090 What this is is an online, about 30 to 40-minute assessment 05:45.090 --> 05:47.790 where you test the key brain capacities 05:47.790 --> 05:50.400 of what you have. 05:50.400 --> 05:53.430 And then it very simply gives you your scores 05:53.430 --> 05:57.570 of the core competencies that you have, which is obviously, 05:57.570 --> 06:01.860 thinking, emotion, feeling, and how well you regulate them. 06:01.860 --> 06:04.170 And I'm gonna briefly take you through the difference 06:04.170 --> 06:05.430 of what those are. 06:05.430 --> 06:08.400 But this is just to give you a sense of 06:08.400 --> 06:13.400 how it is possible to distill very simply scores of 1 to 10, 06:15.300 --> 06:17.280 and those scores are readily translatable 06:17.280 --> 06:20.400 into very highly statistically relevant numbers 06:20.400 --> 06:23.400 that are then able to be compared to thousands 06:23.400 --> 06:25.240 and thousands of control groups 06:26.341 --> 06:31.341 of thinking and of feeling emotion and self-regulation. 06:33.510 --> 06:35.340 So the model starts off with one, 06:35.340 --> 06:37.800 and number one, the primary organizing principle 06:37.800 --> 06:41.013 in the brain is that it's about safety. 06:42.600 --> 06:45.720 The brain has evolved to keep us out of danger. 06:45.720 --> 06:47.493 And if you do not, 06:48.630 --> 06:52.078 first and foremost, absorb that reality 06:52.078 --> 06:56.550 and you magnify threat or you're being derailed 06:56.550 --> 06:58.023 by your anxieties, 06:59.061 --> 07:04.061 it's an enormous impact on everything else, 07:04.950 --> 07:07.304 on everything else in your body, 07:07.304 --> 07:09.570 on your biome, on your immune system, 07:09.570 --> 07:12.990 let alone on every aspect of your cognition. 07:12.990 --> 07:14.403 Now, we all know this, 07:15.390 --> 07:18.270 but when we look at the extent 07:18.270 --> 07:19.770 to which the brain has evolved 07:19.770 --> 07:23.550 and has about five times more negative pathways 07:23.550 --> 07:26.700 to deal with threat than it does positive, 07:26.700 --> 07:29.400 that reality is not our destiny, 07:29.400 --> 07:31.083 but we ignore it at our peril. 07:32.640 --> 07:33.990 And so the first thing 07:33.990 --> 07:36.000 in terms of training is to master stress. 07:36.000 --> 07:38.176 And we're all familiar with the now, 07:38.176 --> 07:40.260 which is a hugely well-known mindfulness meditation, 07:40.260 --> 07:43.860 but whether it's yoga, Tai Chi, any of these wonderful ideas 07:43.860 --> 07:45.670 that are 2,500 years old 07:47.520 --> 07:49.620 can now not only be utilized, 07:49.620 --> 07:52.900 but with a little bit of additional scientific insight, 07:55.530 --> 07:58.440 this happens to be in the My Brain Solutions training room 07:58.440 --> 08:02.520 for relaxation, for stress reduction, 08:02.520 --> 08:04.620 there's a little breathing bar 08:04.620 --> 08:06.150 and that breathing bar is breathing 08:06.150 --> 08:07.350 at six breaths per minute, 08:07.350 --> 08:09.420 and I'd urge you to just breathe at that rate 08:09.420 --> 08:11.580 for two breaths. 08:11.580 --> 08:14.820 And the point is, in this case, our collaborators 08:14.820 --> 08:18.115 in San Diego, Dick Everts and his group 08:18.115 --> 08:20.305 have shown that when you're breathing 08:20.305 --> 08:21.570 at six breaths per minute 08:21.570 --> 08:24.183 and following a moving bar, two things happen. 08:25.740 --> 08:27.925 It's hard to think of a negative thought 08:27.925 --> 08:29.340 and you can by the way, set music and scenes 08:29.340 --> 08:32.373 in this little simulation room, as you can hear. 08:33.390 --> 08:34.890 But at six breaths per minute, 08:37.230 --> 08:39.430 it's hard to think of any negative thoughts. 08:41.490 --> 08:45.540 And secondly, you switch off your fight-flight system 08:45.540 --> 08:48.213 more effectively than we've seen almost anything. 08:50.130 --> 08:53.860 And that allows you to set to allow your vagus flexible, 08:53.860 --> 08:55.818 tend to frame your nerve, 08:55.818 --> 08:58.066 (indistinct) 08:58.066 --> 09:01.470 rather than fight for that system, 09:01.470 --> 09:03.750 which has got such implications 09:03.750 --> 09:06.350 with ways the cortisol secretion (faintly speaking). 09:08.738 --> 09:09.780 So that's just a simple example 09:11.077 --> 09:12.750 of the dominant understanding. 09:18.411 --> 09:21.781 And once safety is there, you're much more likely to be able 09:21.781 --> 09:23.770 to achieve the reward, whatever that may be. 09:23.770 --> 09:26.270 (indistinct) 09:28.350 --> 09:29.940 The second thing is that number two 09:29.940 --> 09:31.440 is that there are two modes of processing. 09:31.440 --> 09:33.750 We all know this, we all know that there's conscious 09:33.750 --> 09:37.510 and non-conscious, but the thing that's been surprising 09:39.330 --> 09:42.520 is that our, especially our Western culture has so 09:43.620 --> 09:46.470 overvalued conscious processing, 09:46.470 --> 09:48.693 which is what I'm doing now, speaking, 09:51.450 --> 09:54.513 talking in some sort of tinted logical manner. 09:55.380 --> 09:56.853 And all of this has value, 09:57.750 --> 10:00.600 but it turns out that even our conscious system 10:00.600 --> 10:02.310 is capacity limited. 10:02.310 --> 10:07.080 We actually are not that evolved to deal very effectively 10:07.080 --> 10:09.180 with data, which is why it's so important 10:09.180 --> 10:12.720 with big data now becoming part of the brain revolution, 10:12.720 --> 10:16.410 to actually look very carefully at what data replicates. 10:16.410 --> 10:18.693 So many findings of their, 10:22.770 --> 10:27.420 when they replicate our preconceptions, we accept them. 10:27.420 --> 10:30.060 But it's a huge discipline to actually say, 10:30.060 --> 10:32.010 what actually does replicate? 10:32.010 --> 10:34.200 And as you know, it's the huge elephant under the carpet 10:34.200 --> 10:36.990 of science that very little replicates. 10:36.990 --> 10:38.610 And so the discipline of replicating 10:38.610 --> 10:42.510 is because our brains want to believe things 10:42.510 --> 10:43.650 that in small studies 10:43.650 --> 10:46.170 or small surveys come out the way we think we want them 10:46.170 --> 10:49.380 to do which is why the placebo effect is so powerful 10:49.380 --> 10:52.900 and it's still important, but for really 10:54.270 --> 10:57.030 optimizing the way we use our brains, 10:57.030 --> 11:00.690 that discipline of statistical rigor is critical. 11:00.690 --> 11:04.530 Big data, big samples, real replication. 11:04.530 --> 11:09.074 But it's the non-conscious piece that has become more 11:09.074 --> 11:14.074 deeply profoundly coming to the fore in terms 11:14.116 --> 11:16.230 of how our brain works. 11:16.230 --> 11:19.830 Most people would believe that we think first 11:19.830 --> 11:24.434 and then non-consciously, we kind of have intuitions 11:24.434 --> 11:27.000 or what the word intuition is, 11:27.000 --> 11:28.830 unfortunately very misleading. 11:28.830 --> 11:31.830 And non-conscious processing is cues. 11:31.830 --> 11:33.000 So if you wouldn't mind just looking 11:33.000 --> 11:36.240 around the room briefly at the person next to you, 11:36.240 --> 11:38.240 what is their body language telling you? 11:40.110 --> 11:44.550 How many cues can you think of as I look around at you? 11:44.550 --> 11:48.255 We communicate in our body language 11:48.255 --> 11:50.733 in subtle, subtle ways. 11:51.720 --> 11:56.720 Our shoulders pulled back, our voice intonation, pupil area. 11:56.730 --> 12:01.320 There are hundreds of cues 12:01.320 --> 12:04.950 that we present and communicate all the time. 12:04.950 --> 12:07.900 And our brain in one fifth of one second 12:08.847 --> 12:11.310 is evaluating those cues 12:11.310 --> 12:14.760 and making a judgment is that cue safe or rewarding, 12:14.760 --> 12:17.400 safe or rewarding, safe or rewarding? 12:17.400 --> 12:20.990 And it is that that is the driver 12:20.990 --> 12:22.653 of our brain function. 12:24.300 --> 12:28.990 It's non-conscious and it has huge biases to be rapid 12:28.990 --> 12:33.423 and it can mislead us or it could be very helpful to us. 12:34.836 --> 12:39.836 And then we consciously make up a logic and words 12:43.080 --> 12:47.550 and a rationalization that fits that non-conscious decision 12:47.550 --> 12:48.900 that we've just made. 12:48.900 --> 12:51.690 This is the manner in which the data is pointing 12:51.690 --> 12:53.880 to the way the essence of the brain works. 12:53.880 --> 12:58.880 Non-conscious first, conscious rationalization second, 13:01.140 --> 13:02.943 and both have limitations. 13:04.680 --> 13:08.278 So being able to train that, the non-conscious cues 13:08.278 --> 13:09.720 and the conscious rational words 13:09.720 --> 13:11.913 and details again is possible. 13:12.990 --> 13:15.240 non-conscious processing, simply by training 13:15.240 --> 13:19.380 with little exercises, the awareness of body language. 13:19.380 --> 13:21.330 We all think we know body language, 13:21.330 --> 13:22.980 but if you just train for a few minutes, 13:22.980 --> 13:25.050 you'll be so surprised. 13:25.050 --> 13:26.340 Even now as I look at your, 13:26.340 --> 13:29.410 since I've actually said, have a look at the person 13:30.300 --> 13:34.050 next to you and look at their body language. 13:34.050 --> 13:38.520 I can feel a sense of your own awareness, 13:38.520 --> 13:41.220 fractionally, and maybe, hopefully you have, 13:41.220 --> 13:43.320 and hopefully it's not my rationalization. 13:45.787 --> 13:48.960 That awareness of body language and its face 13:48.960 --> 13:53.700 and whole body is an ongoing training 13:53.700 --> 13:57.780 that makes you more and more aware of what is authentic 13:57.780 --> 14:01.358 and what's not, when people are engaged 14:01.358 --> 14:02.583 and when they're not. 14:03.690 --> 14:05.950 If something is useful and when it is not. 14:05.950 --> 14:07.410 So it can be trained. 14:07.410 --> 14:09.450 Conscious processing is far more easily trained. 14:09.450 --> 14:12.693 We all know there's a plethora of ways on the web, 14:13.764 --> 14:14.880 and My Brain Solution's just one example 14:14.880 --> 14:17.250 where you can train focus and memory 14:17.250 --> 14:19.650 and attention and planning, 14:19.650 --> 14:22.050 and here are two examples. 14:22.050 --> 14:25.780 So picking up a person's body language, straightforward. 14:27.420 --> 14:30.120 But when you do it, your neural networks 14:30.120 --> 14:31.530 that fire together wire together. 14:31.530 --> 14:35.763 You're building a new brain habit every time you train. 14:37.080 --> 14:40.860 And just like training a muscle, the more you train, 14:40.860 --> 14:44.040 the stronger that neural network gets consolidated, 14:44.040 --> 14:45.740 the more it becomes a part of you. 14:48.330 --> 14:50.310 This is for example, training yourself 14:50.310 --> 14:53.700 for navigating a maze, a hidden maze, 14:53.700 --> 14:55.080 and you see where the hidden path is 14:55.080 --> 14:56.400 and then you find it 14:56.400 --> 14:59.973 It just teaches you to think in a closure strategic manner. 15:00.810 --> 15:03.492 And this is a tough, that's quite a tough game, 15:03.492 --> 15:06.510 but each of these exercises last 60 seconds 15:06.510 --> 15:08.130 and they automatically adapt to you. 15:08.130 --> 15:10.710 You go up or down depending on whether you're successful 15:10.710 --> 15:11.880 or unsuccessful. 15:11.880 --> 15:13.380 But it's this kind of training 15:14.285 --> 15:17.223 that really allows your brain to become effective 15:18.859 --> 15:22.410 and logical and sequential 15:22.410 --> 15:25.170 and where timing is so critical 15:25.170 --> 15:27.813 in the way you train these factors. 15:29.400 --> 15:31.350 Last but not least is the four. 15:31.350 --> 15:33.660 The emotion we've already said is the cues, 15:33.660 --> 15:36.210 and I'll come to that in a little bit more in a moment. 15:36.210 --> 15:38.433 Feeling and emotion are not the same thing. 15:39.450 --> 15:42.180 And then there's thinking and self-regulation. 15:42.180 --> 15:43.800 So I'm just gonna briefly finish off on this 15:43.800 --> 15:46.230 and then end off with some examples about 15:46.230 --> 15:49.350 what are the implications, not just for anybody 15:49.350 --> 15:50.828 training their brain, 15:50.828 --> 15:54.660 but for people who have a slight instability, which is all, 15:54.660 --> 15:57.300 anything is in the brain that we all have just magnified 15:57.300 --> 15:58.860 variants of normality. 15:58.860 --> 15:59.850 How do we train those? 15:59.850 --> 16:02.100 How do we use this insight to train 16:02.100 --> 16:04.173 any magnified variant of normality? 16:06.120 --> 16:08.280 To just quickly to emphasize this distinction 16:08.280 --> 16:11.158 that emotions are different from feelings, 16:11.158 --> 16:13.350 that emotions are the cues. 16:13.350 --> 16:16.233 The best known cue is when you smile at somebody, 16:18.060 --> 16:19.770 the corner of their eyes are crinkling 16:19.770 --> 16:22.530 and that means that their smile is authentic, 16:22.530 --> 16:26.220 whereas when people smile just with their mouth, it's not. 16:26.220 --> 16:28.650 But there many, many other cues that you all familiar with 16:28.650 --> 16:30.180 and will become more 16:30.180 --> 16:31.930 and more obvious to you as you just 16:32.790 --> 16:34.983 increase your own awareness of them. 16:36.360 --> 16:38.670 And you can again, train those cues again 16:38.670 --> 16:40.560 with these simple kind of exercises, 16:40.560 --> 16:45.420 but just actually training it so that your neural network 16:45.420 --> 16:50.310 pathways of cue detection becomes more hyper aware 16:50.310 --> 16:52.440 and then becomes automatic. 16:52.440 --> 16:53.940 And once it becomes automatic, 16:54.802 --> 16:56.768 you're hugely empowered in terms 16:56.768 --> 16:57.953 of determining authenticity. 17:01.230 --> 17:04.560 Feelings are not non-conscious. 17:04.560 --> 17:06.499 They're very conscious. 17:06.499 --> 17:08.460 You are very aware of your feelings. 17:08.460 --> 17:11.823 And right now, if I could ask you all to think about, 17:13.170 --> 17:17.793 consciously, what is your heart rate? 17:18.810 --> 17:21.720 Can you feel your sweat rate? 17:21.720 --> 17:26.073 Can you feel any change in, have a subtle, 17:27.750 --> 17:29.400 and your breathing rate? 17:29.400 --> 17:33.300 Because these are the markers of feelings. 17:33.300 --> 17:37.600 They are the subjective conscious awareness 17:40.380 --> 17:42.480 of the manner in which you have processed 17:42.480 --> 17:43.863 your non-conscious cues. 17:46.770 --> 17:51.770 And of course feelings can be trained in very cool ways. 17:51.990 --> 17:56.990 Actually you can just pop the bubbles that are positive. 17:58.290 --> 17:59.430 Cool. 17:59.430 --> 18:03.773 And by the way, there's a whole literature out there in the, 18:03.773 --> 18:06.210 in the gaming world about the coolness of popping bubbles. 18:06.210 --> 18:07.530 Doesn't matter what it is. 18:07.530 --> 18:09.240 But actually if you do it with, 18:09.240 --> 18:13.740 it's amazing how addictive these, and they just nudges. 18:13.740 --> 18:17.520 So the point about training your brain is it is like going 18:17.520 --> 18:21.390 to a gym, but in a way it's nudges, 18:21.390 --> 18:24.280 it's tiny little small steps every day 18:25.410 --> 18:29.463 that consolidate the habit. 18:30.600 --> 18:33.420 And of course, thinking, we are all familiar with, 18:33.420 --> 18:35.610 the focus, the memory, the planning, 18:35.610 --> 18:38.790 and we are all familiar with how much more readily 18:38.790 --> 18:42.570 that can be trained because we're so much more familiar with 18:42.570 --> 18:43.403 what this is. 18:43.403 --> 18:44.907 What is focus? 18:44.907 --> 18:48.120 Focus on the orange ball and don't let it hit the side. 18:48.120 --> 18:50.910 And it's you, you do it by using your mouse. 18:50.910 --> 18:54.870 And it's, these kinds of are enormously helpful, 18:54.870 --> 18:57.180 whether it's for kids with ADHD or whether it's for adults 18:57.180 --> 18:59.080 who just wanna become peak performers. 19:03.420 --> 19:04.260 Same thing for memory. 19:04.260 --> 19:05.790 Everybody thinks they've got a bad memory, 19:05.790 --> 19:07.080 or many people do. 19:07.080 --> 19:09.180 Actually, it's incredibly easily trained. 19:09.180 --> 19:10.950 And especially when you, 19:10.950 --> 19:12.540 sorry, I'm just gonna take that back. 19:12.540 --> 19:17.540 Especially when you add to the memory associations, 19:18.210 --> 19:21.780 we all know that if we associate novelty with something, 19:21.780 --> 19:23.940 we're more likely to remember it. 19:23.940 --> 19:25.770 So we train ourselves as we play these exercises, 19:25.770 --> 19:29.310 as we do these exercises to also find associations. 19:29.310 --> 19:32.010 And it's our own brain will find what works. 19:32.010 --> 19:34.260 I find associations in cues, 19:34.260 --> 19:36.750 happens to be the way I use associations 19:36.750 --> 19:38.100 that I wanna remember. 19:38.100 --> 19:40.740 But other people have incredibly interesting ways 19:40.740 --> 19:43.233 where they find associations 19:43.233 --> 19:46.230 that help them consolidate the memory. 19:46.230 --> 19:48.780 Novelty, the brain remembers. 19:48.780 --> 19:50.550 So the more novel the association, 19:50.550 --> 19:51.930 the more you're likely to remember. 19:51.930 --> 19:54.330 People's names, what they do for occupations, 19:54.330 --> 19:56.490 facts, doesn't matter. 19:56.490 --> 19:59.313 And we all see lots of literature on this. 20:00.185 --> 20:01.841 It's just a matter of doing it. 20:01.841 --> 20:05.528 And it doesn't take that long, small steps every day 20:05.528 --> 20:07.233 or multiple times a week. 20:11.280 --> 20:13.380 This is really critical 20:13.380 --> 20:17.105 because everybody has heard of cognitive behavior therapy, 20:17.105 --> 20:19.890 which is a wonderfully important conscious, 20:19.890 --> 20:24.890 thinking approach to changing your negative thinking 20:25.410 --> 20:26.670 to positive thinking. 20:26.670 --> 20:29.094 And it does so by challenging 20:29.094 --> 20:33.660 the five thinking traps that we seem to have 20:33.660 --> 20:35.100 in the way we deal with the information 20:35.100 --> 20:37.890 and to give it more context, that's the bottom line. 20:37.890 --> 20:41.850 And so what our team has done is just simply gamified this 20:41.850 --> 20:45.450 so that it's taken these thinking traps, 20:45.450 --> 20:48.090 and instead of it, it gets you to choose them 20:48.090 --> 20:50.700 and jumping to conclusions, overgeneralizing, 20:50.700 --> 20:53.400 black and white thinking, my favorite, 20:53.400 --> 20:56.430 catastrophizing, magnifying threat. 20:56.430 --> 20:59.006 And then you just challenge it. 20:59.006 --> 21:02.819 You challenge it yourself by putting an alternative, 21:02.819 --> 21:07.291 realistic, plausible possibility 21:07.291 --> 21:10.830 to that negative thought. 21:10.830 --> 21:12.480 And just by doing it, by training 21:12.480 --> 21:15.750 and giving it yourself a better context, people talk, 21:15.750 --> 21:17.910 the words don't matter, reattribution, 21:17.910 --> 21:20.490 reappraisal, it's context. 21:20.490 --> 21:22.920 And with context you then can train 21:22.920 --> 21:25.020 and you sort of tame your little demon. 21:25.020 --> 21:27.413 Each one of those had a little demon and you train. 21:27.413 --> 21:30.630 This is the cruelest way that I've ever seen 21:30.630 --> 21:32.220 to do cognitive behavioral therapy, 21:32.220 --> 21:33.393 and it's fascinating. 21:37.248 --> 21:38.670 So that's the story. 21:38.670 --> 21:40.020 The outcomes I'm gonna end off 21:40.020 --> 21:42.723 with just to show you the for one reason, 21:43.632 --> 21:44.847 there about a million people now 21:44.847 --> 21:46.747 that have used this platform and know, 21:47.691 --> 21:48.533 train and monitor your brain. 21:49.770 --> 21:52.770 And we are still coming to terms with what really works 21:52.770 --> 21:55.800 'cause that's what matter, what replicates, what works. 21:55.800 --> 21:58.620 And we're hopeful that those insights will help 21:58.620 --> 22:00.960 nudge people to where they wanna go. 22:00.960 --> 22:03.430 But nothing is more important than 22:03.430 --> 22:04.440 what works for the individual. 22:04.440 --> 22:06.420 So just to end off with a couple of examples 22:06.420 --> 22:09.303 of outcomes in the success, train and monitor your brain. 22:11.490 --> 22:15.660 Firstly, we've shown that it takes about 20 times 22:15.660 --> 22:19.380 to do an exercise or a game, one of those one minute games. 22:19.380 --> 22:20.670 An exercise is not a game, 22:20.670 --> 22:23.130 it's you're in the relaxation room, 22:23.130 --> 22:24.810 you're breathing at six breaths per minute 22:24.810 --> 22:27.060 or you're shifting negative to positive thinking. 22:27.060 --> 22:28.920 It takes a few minutes every day. 22:28.920 --> 22:32.040 And clear or positive, there's other exercises 22:32.040 --> 22:33.720 to increase your positivity. 22:33.720 --> 22:34.553 They're not games. 22:34.553 --> 22:36.690 We do not play games with the brain, 22:36.690 --> 22:38.490 but there are other things that are, 22:39.450 --> 22:41.190 that do have more of a game like feel. 22:41.190 --> 22:44.010 But about 20 times it appears 22:44.010 --> 22:46.410 that you're gonna significantly change your score. 22:46.410 --> 22:49.740 So if you do the assessment and then do something 20 times 22:49.740 --> 22:54.610 and you do it again, you will significantly increase that 22:55.680 --> 22:58.140 brain network and you've now started 22:58.140 --> 23:00.270 to change the fundamentals of how your brain works. 23:00.270 --> 23:03.090 And you have started to self-empower yourself 23:03.090 --> 23:04.890 to be more effective 23:04.890 --> 23:09.660 and to better align your brain one to four elements, 23:09.660 --> 23:12.870 the core elements of the essence of how your brain works. 23:12.870 --> 23:15.390 And this has been published in "Technology and Innovation", 23:15.390 --> 23:17.460 and that's the other thing. 23:17.460 --> 23:20.580 Publication is critical so that you can then get 23:20.580 --> 23:24.750 that ongoing peer review process of really what works 23:24.750 --> 23:27.033 and what really is real. 23:30.120 --> 23:33.630 There's a lot of addiction groups that use this. 23:33.630 --> 23:37.595 And so here's an example of the, about the number of hours 23:37.595 --> 23:42.480 that are acquired before people with addiction 23:42.480 --> 23:45.900 can start changing the key habit that they wanna change, 23:45.900 --> 23:49.023 which is self-regulation. 23:50.310 --> 23:52.440 And then of course there's self-regulation in general, 23:52.440 --> 23:54.433 and then there's, critically, 23:54.433 --> 23:55.650 how do I stop the craving in the moment 23:55.650 --> 24:00.650 and the app for that's called "Break Cravings in 60 Seconds" 24:00.750 --> 24:01.920 but I don't have time to go into that. 24:01.920 --> 24:04.410 The point that I'm saying is that it takes about three 24:04.410 --> 24:07.900 and a half hours of training of about three 24:07.900 --> 24:10.550 to six weeks will lead to a significant increase 24:10.550 --> 24:15.550 in the ability to improve your self-regulation habit. 24:17.742 --> 24:22.742 And then last but not least, we wanna know clinically 24:22.920 --> 24:24.360 does that actually improve? 24:24.360 --> 24:27.843 And you can see on the, I believe there's a, 24:29.820 --> 24:30.900 here's their symptom level, 24:30.900 --> 24:33.720 you can actually see the symptom levels go down as well 24:33.720 --> 24:36.270 once you are training it for about three hours. 24:36.270 --> 24:40.110 You start seeing, when you're training emotion 24:40.110 --> 24:44.324 and stress reduction, you start seeing those changes. 24:44.324 --> 24:47.640 So the point of being able to do this 24:47.640 --> 24:49.740 in an objective fashion is really critical. 24:49.740 --> 24:53.702 And I wanna end off with tests, 24:53.702 --> 24:58.702 psychiatry still remains the only discipline in medicine 24:59.931 --> 25:03.450 that has not got a single test that predicts 25:03.450 --> 25:07.023 who will and who will not respond to a medication. 25:08.070 --> 25:13.070 And I'm pleased and proud to say that our consortium ran at, 25:14.370 --> 25:17.310 unfortunately, it's a big study, so a $20 million study, 25:17.310 --> 25:21.130 30 sites, seven years, 40,000 analyses. 25:23.520 --> 25:26.280 And I'm pleased to say that, yesterday actually, 25:26.280 --> 25:29.193 we reported that we found the first replication. 25:30.030 --> 25:31.860 And so we split it on a thousand people. 25:31.860 --> 25:34.380 This is by the way, with extremely helpful feedback 25:34.380 --> 25:35.790 from the FDA. 25:35.790 --> 25:38.220 And we then did another 700 subjects, 25:38.220 --> 25:39.690 the replication sample, 25:39.690 --> 25:42.276 and there was replication in who we could 25:42.276 --> 25:46.902 or couldn't predict, would respond to sertraline, which is, 25:46.902 --> 25:48.780 who would not respond to sertraline. 25:48.780 --> 25:51.434 So if they did this, it's just a cognitive, 25:51.434 --> 25:54.090 the cognitive online assessment. 25:54.090 --> 25:57.510 If they, we couldn't predict with a reasonable likelihood 25:57.510 --> 26:00.900 better than chance, which is currently what you have, 26:00.900 --> 26:02.400 that you shouldn't go into sertraline. 26:02.400 --> 26:05.460 And that's very helpful for clinicians to know what to do. 26:05.460 --> 26:08.610 And of course now we can expand and look at the genetics 26:08.610 --> 26:11.478 and look at other measures and hopefully see how, 26:11.478 --> 26:15.690 more and more predictions that are objective in terms 26:15.690 --> 26:17.670 of what we can say about who shouldn't, 26:17.670 --> 26:18.990 shouldn't go on antidepressive. 26:18.990 --> 26:21.640 And we've got the same thing we're gonna do for ADHD. 26:22.703 --> 26:25.410 But I just wanna give a sense that this is, 26:25.410 --> 26:26.553 this is tough stuff. 26:27.390 --> 26:29.490 And the reason I end off with this list, 26:29.490 --> 26:31.710 these are all the personalized treatment options we have 26:31.710 --> 26:34.020 in the brain where people can find out 26:34.020 --> 26:35.700 for themselves what works. 26:35.700 --> 26:40.700 I would add the wonderful talk on music therapy 26:40.860 --> 26:43.530 to that list. 26:43.530 --> 26:47.700 The point is though that all of these methods, 26:47.700 --> 26:51.720 whether it's stress control or cognitive behavior therapy 26:51.720 --> 26:55.170 or any of the other non-invasive brain stimulation 26:55.170 --> 26:56.790 and other methods that are occurring, 26:56.790 --> 26:59.280 of course the other quite invasive methods, 26:59.280 --> 27:01.893 medications are not necessarily the answer. 27:02.760 --> 27:06.700 And we have to become as strong as the drug industry 27:07.710 --> 27:10.560 to be able to seriously test, 27:10.560 --> 27:14.280 with serious platforms, what works. 27:14.280 --> 27:17.370 We cannot rely on anecdote, 27:17.370 --> 27:20.560 on the possibilities that incidental issues 27:24.120 --> 27:25.380 are causing effects. 27:25.380 --> 27:29.340 We really do need to be, think like alternatives 27:29.340 --> 27:31.590 to the pharmaceutical industry. 27:31.590 --> 27:34.650 But in the case of integrationists, 27:34.650 --> 27:37.290 like our little tiny consortium, 27:37.290 --> 27:41.436 the goal is look at everything dispassionately, 27:41.436 --> 27:43.890 see what works, 27:43.890 --> 27:45.753 find it, what replicates, 27:47.370 --> 27:51.030 and most importantly, not just rely on drugs, 27:51.030 --> 27:56.030 there are many, many other fantastic therapies 27:56.040 --> 27:59.792 that are possibly part of the solution. 27:59.792 --> 28:04.290 And to start off with, people will find it themselves, 28:04.290 --> 28:08.522 but ultimately we need to be as serious about the science 28:08.522 --> 28:13.230 as the drug industry was about their medications, 28:13.230 --> 28:15.060 except they just had to be a sugar tablet, 28:15.060 --> 28:16.650 and even that's changing. 28:16.650 --> 28:19.710 The FDA are now mandating and also, well, 28:19.710 --> 28:21.030 certainly they've created the field 28:21.030 --> 28:23.970 of personalized medicine where you need to find the data 28:23.970 --> 28:27.510 that can show that you will or won't respond to that drug. 28:27.510 --> 28:30.480 And my hope is that these kinds of platforms 28:30.480 --> 28:33.720 and big data that you could also be able to predict 28:33.720 --> 28:38.220 who would and won't respond to any therapy. 28:38.220 --> 28:42.720 Ultimately we are self-regulating ourselves all the time 28:42.720 --> 28:46.720 and what matters every second of your life is only one thing 28:47.760 --> 28:50.433 and that is what works for you. 28:53.700 --> 28:54.533 And I'll stop there. 28:54.533 --> 28:55.855 Thank you very much. 28:55.855 --> 28:58.235 (audience applauding) 28:58.235 --> 29:00.818 (upbeat music) 29:12.186 --> 29:15.519 (digital chiming notes)